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周年高效、优质生产是日光温室的发展方向。针对日光温室夏季夜温过高、昼夜温差小且降温方法欠缺的问题,以设施园区地表水为冷源,以热泵作为能量提升、转换手段,对日光温室进行夜间降温,分析该方法的降温、除湿效果,对CO_2浓度累积的影响及系统能耗、冷凝水回收量等,探讨水源热泵用于日光温室夏季夜间降温的环境调控能力及节能节水效果。结果表明,在夏季高温夜间(20:00-06:00),水源热泵系统可有效降低试验温室内气温,平均温度比自然通风的对照温室低2.6-2.9℃;同时,试验温室内气温低于室外气温,平均温差为1.6-1.7℃。试验温室内夜间平均相对湿度为74.3%-78.6%,比对照温室降低了8.9%-12.6%。在06:00时试验温室内CO_2浓度可达1 430-1 660μL/L,约为对照温室的1.3-1.9倍,可在日出后一段时间内提升试验温室内作物的净光合速率。水源热泵系统运行稳定,日均制冷耗电量为19.3-19.9 W/m~2,日均性能系数(coefficient of performance,COP)值可达4.1-4.4。系统制冷耗电量及COP受进风温度、含湿量的影响,均呈显著正相关关系(P<0.01)。系统降温过程冷凝水回收量实测值为0.37-0.45 kg/(m~2·d),可节约18%-21%的灌溉用水量。研究表明,水源热泵系统可有效用于日光温室夏季夜间降温、除湿,有助于CO_2浓度累积,并具备良好的节能、节水效果。该研究为日光温室安全越夏生产提供了有效的环境调控方法。
Anniversary of high efficiency, high-quality production is the development direction of greenhouse. Aiming at the problem that the sunshine greenhouse is too hot at night in summer, the temperature difference between day and night is small and the method of cooling is lacking, this paper takes the surface water of the facility garden as the cold source, heat pump as the energy upgrade and conversion method to cool the sunshine greenhouse at night, Dehumidification effect, CO 2 concentration accumulation and system energy consumption, the amount of condensate recovery, to explore the water source heat pump for summer night cooling in the solar greenhouse environmental regulation and energy saving effect. The results show that the water source heat pump system can effectively reduce the air temperature in the test greenhouse in the hot summer night (20: 00-06: 00), with the average temperature being 2.6-2.9 ℃ lower than that of the naturally ventilated control greenhouse. Meanwhile, the temperature in the test greenhouse is lower than Outdoor temperature, the average temperature difference of 1.6-1.7 ℃. The average nighttime relative humidity in the experimental greenhouse was 74.3% -78.6%, which was 8.9% -12.6% lower than that in the control greenhouse. At 06:00, the CO 2 concentration in the test greenhouse could reach 1 430-1 660 μL / L, about 1.3-1.9 times that of the control greenhouse, which could increase the net photosynthetic rate of the crops in the test greenhouse after sunrise. The water source heat pump system runs stably with average daily electricity consumption of 19.3-19.9 W / m 2 and a coefficient of performance (COP) value of 4.1-4.4. System cooling power consumption and COP intake air temperature, moisture content, showed a significant positive correlation (P <0.01). The measured value of the condensate recovery during the system cooling process is 0.37-0.45 kg / (m ~ 2 · d), which can save 18% -21% of the irrigation water consumption. The research shows that water source heat pump system can be effectively used for cooling and dehumidifying in summer in summer in greenhouse, contributing to the accumulation of CO 2 concentration and having good energy-saving and water-saving effect. This study provides an effective environmental control method for safe summer production in solar greenhouse.