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稳定与提高甜玉米产区耕地土壤地力,是实现甜玉米生产持续发展的重要途径。采取甜玉米秸秆直接还田利用的方法,经3年6季试验,对其地力及产量影响的分析结果表明,持续单一施用化肥不利于土壤地力的稳定与产量的提高,实施秸秆还田可以培肥地力、改善土壤酸性条件、提高甜玉米产量。与试验前相比,持续单一施用化肥除土壤速效磷含量有所增加外,土壤有机质、速效氮和速效钾含量分别下降1.08g/kg、1.18 mg/kg、2.47 mg/kg,土壤p H值下降0.15;同等化肥条件下实施单季和双季秸秆还田有机质含量则分别增加0.71、1.29 g/kg,速效氮增加17.15、28.27 mg/kg,速效磷增加0.96、1.73 mg/kg,速效钾增加2.41、5.92mg/kg、土壤p H值提高0.16、0.2,与单一施用化肥处理相比每季平均产量提高7.5%、11.8%,每667 m2增效87.3、117.1元。
Stabilizing and improving the soil fertility of cultivated land in sweet corn producing areas is an important way to realize the sustainable development of sweet corn production. The method of using corn stalks directly back to the field, after 6 years of testing in 3 years, the analysis of the impact on soil fertility and yield showed that continuous single application of fertilizers is not conducive to the stability of soil fertility and yield, the implementation of straw can be cultivated Fertility, improve soil acid conditions, improve sweet corn production. Compared with the pre-experiment, soil organic matter, available nitrogen and available potassium decreased 1.08g / kg, 1.18 mg / kg and 2.47 mg / kg, soil p H value Decreased by 0.15. Under the same fertilizers, the contents of organic matter in single-season and double-season straw returning increased by 0.71 and 1.29 g / kg, available nitrogen increased by 17.15 and 28.27 mg / kg, available phosphorus increased by 0.96 and 1.73 mg / kg, The soil p H value increased by 0.16 and 0.2, respectively. The average yield per season increased by 7.5% and 11.8% compared with the single application of chemical fertilizers, and the efficiency of 87.3 and 117.1 yuan per 667 m2 increased by 2.41 and 5.92 mg / kg, respectively.