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目的探讨体育活动对超重青少年心境和身体自尊的影响,为超重青少年的心理辅导工作提供参考。方法选取自愿参加的45名超重青少年进行为期30 d的体育活动(有氧健身操、功率自行车、跑步机等),以“简式心境状态量表”和“少年儿童身体自尊量表(第2版)”为工具,在实验前后对被试的心境和身体自尊进行测试。采用SPSS 16.0统计软件进行数据统计与分析。结果测试前后,超重青少年紧张(t=2.428,P<0.05)、愤怒(t=2.230,P<0.05)、抑郁因子得分降低(t=2.957,P<0.05),积极自我因子得分升高(t=3.294,P<0.05),差异均有统计学意义,疲劳(t=-0.672,P>0.05)、慌乱(t=-0.592,P>0.05)和精力感(t=1.628,P>0.05)得分差异均无统计学意义。除健康满意度无变化(t=-0.762,P>0.05)外,身体自尊的其他因子得分均提高(P值均<0.05)。超重青少年体质量指数(BMI)显著降低,BMI变化量对身体价值变化具有一定的预测作用(F=4.129,P<0.05)。结论体育活动对超重青少年的紧张、愤怒、抑郁的降低和积极自我的提高具有促进作用,对身体自尊的健康满意度外其他维度的提高都具有促进作用。体育活动具有显著的减重效果,但仅BMI变化量无法很好预测心境和身体自尊大多数维度的变化。
Objective To explore the impact of physical activity on the mood and physical self-esteem of overweight teenagers and to provide reference for psychological counseling among overweight teenagers. Methods Forty-five overweight adolescents who volunteered to participate in the program were selected for 30 days of physical activity (aerobics, power bicycles, treadmills, etc.). The “Simplified Mental State Scale” and “Children’s Physical Self-Esteem Scale (Version 2) ”as a tool to test subjects’ state of mind and body self-esteem before and after the experiment. Using SPSS 16.0 statistical software for data statistics and analysis. Results Before and after the test, overweight teenagers were tense (t = 2.428, P <0.05), anger (t = 2.230, (T = -0.672, P> 0.05), and tenseness (t = 1.628, P> 0.05). The differences were statistically significant Score difference was not statistically significant. Except for no change in health satisfaction (t = -0.762, P> 0.05), scores of other factors of physical self-esteem increased (P <0.05). The body mass index (BMI) of overweight teenagers decreased significantly, and the change of BMI had some predictive value on the change of body value (F = 4.129, P <0.05). Conclusions Physical activity can promote the reduction of tension, anger, depression and positive self in overweight adolescents, and promote the improvement of other dimensions besides the healthy self-esteem. Physical activity has a significant weight loss effect, but only changes in BMI do not predict well the majority of changes in mood and physical self-esteem.