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目的了解郑州铁路局郑州机务段机车乘务员职业紧张和睡眠质量状况。方法 2013年6月至2014年1月采用机车乘务员职业健康调查表对郑州铁路局郑州机务段机车乘务员进行职业紧张现状及对睡眠质量影响的调查。结果调查1 500人全部为男性,获得1 448份有效问卷,年龄为20~29岁的职工ERI和工作满意感评分最高,分别为(0.93±0.33)和(42.33±8.39)分;50~59岁的职工回报和自尊感评分最高,分别为(28.19±4.50)和(32.39±5.1)分。已婚乘务员付出和工作满意感评分较高,分别为(18.15±3.92)和(42.37±8.16)分;未婚乘务员ERI、回报、支持策略、应付策略、控制策略评分较高,分别为(0.94±0.34)、(28.51±4.78)、(9.83±2.58)、(24.44±5.81)和(14.61±3.68)分。文化程度是初中及以下的乘务员ERI评分最高,为(1.03±0.33)分;大学及以上的乘务员付出、控制策略和应付策略评分最高,分别为(18.23±3.74)、(14.57±3.57)和(24.30±5.65)分。收入<3 000元的乘务员ERI、负性情绪、控制策略和应付策略评分最高,分别为(0.93±0.34)、(3.00±1.78)、(14.54±3.87)和(24.31±6.19)分;收入6 000元~的乘务员工作满意感评分最高,为(42.76±8.31)分。配偶在职的乘务员ERI、正性情绪、抑郁症状评分最高,分别为(0.93±0.35)、(2.57±1.67)和(24.35±10.54)分;配偶失业的乘务员付出、负性情绪、每日紧张感评分最高,分别为(18.98±3.37)、(3.22±1.71)和(10.75±3.21)分。配偶失业组睡眠障碍评分最高,为(21.39±8.52)分;低收入组睡眠障碍评分最高,为(20.21±9.54)分。结论郑州机务段机车乘务员普遍存在职业紧张和紧张反应;配偶失业及收入水平影响睡眠质量。
Objective To understand the occupational stress and sleep quality status of locomotive crew in Zhengzhou Locomotive Depot of Zhengzhou Railway Bureau. Methods From June 2013 to January 2014, the occupational stress situation of locomotive crew in Zhengzhou Locomotive Depot of Zhengzhou Railway Bureau and its impact on sleep quality were surveyed by occupational health questionnaire of locomotive flight attendants. Results A total of 1 500 men were surveyed and 1,448 valid questionnaires were obtained. The scores of ERI and job satisfaction among workers aged 20-29 were the highest (0.93 ± 0.33) and (42.33 ± 8.39), respectively; The highest scores of worker’s return and self-esteem were (28.19 ± 4.50) and (32.39 ± 5.1) points respectively. (18.15 ± 3.92) and (42.37 ± 8.16) points, respectively. The scores of ERI, returns, support strategies, coping strategies and control strategies of unmarried attendants were (0.94 ± 0.34), (28.51 ± 4.78), (9.83 ± 2.58), (24.44 ± 5.81) and (14.61 ± 3.68), respectively. (1.03 ± 0.33) points for flight attendants with junior high school education and below; flight attendants at university level and above paid the highest control scores and coping strategies, with (18.23 ± 3.74), (14.57 ± 3.57) and ( 24.30 ± 5.65) points. The flight attendants ERI with a income of <3000 Yuan had the highest score of negative emotion, control strategy and coping strategy, which were (0.93 ± 0.34), (3.00 ± 1.78), (14.54 ± 3.87) and (24.31 ± 6.19) respectively; 000 ~ ~ flight attendant job satisfaction rating highest (42.76 ± 8.31) points. The occupational flight attendant spouse ERI had the highest scores of positive emotions and depressive symptoms (0.93 ± 0.35), (2.57 ± 1.67) and (24.35 ± 10.54) points respectively. Spouse unemployed attendants paid negative emotions and daily tensions The highest scores were (18.98 ± 3.37), (3.22 ± 1.71) and (10.75 ± 3.21) points, respectively. The scores of sleep disorders in the spouse unemployed group were the highest (21.39 ± 8.52), and those in the low-income group were the highest (20.21 ± 9.54). Conclusion Locomotive flight attendants in Zhengzhou general occupational tension and nervousness; spouse unemployment and income levels affect the quality of sleep.