急性呼吸道感染是儿童常见的疾病,它包括鼻炎、咽炎、扁桃腺炎、喉炎、气管炎、支气管炎、毛细支气管炎、肺炎。通常把鼻炎、咽炎、扁桃腺炎、喉炎,即气管以上的呼吸道感染称为上呼吸道感染(简称上感),把气管炎、支气管炎、毛细支气管炎、肺炎称为下呼吸道感染。90％以上的上感是由病毒引起,少数由细菌引起。 Acute respiratory infections are common in children and include rhinitis, pharyngitis, tonsillitis, laryngitis, bronchitis, bronchitis, bronchiolitis and pneumonia. Usually rhinitis, pharyngitis, tonsillitis, laryngitis, or respiratory tract infections above the trachea called upper respiratory tract infection (referred to as flu), bronchitis, bronchiolitis, pneumonia is called lower respiratory tract infection. More than 90% of the flu is caused by the virus, a small number caused by bacteria.