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亨利·福特的T型车及其悲剧启示我们 :企业技术创新成败的关键在于技术创新方向是否与市场环境的变化趋势保持一致。然而 ,由过去的创新成功所带来的认知模式的刚性与行为惯性会阻碍创新者对未来市场变化的判断 ,从而拒绝根据市场的变化调整自己的创新方向。而建立一个股东与经营者相互独立的董事会是防止创新者的个人悲剧转化为企业悲剧的最重要的制度安排
Henry Ford’s Model T and its tragedy enlighten us: The key to the success of technological innovation in enterprises is whether the direction of technological innovation is consistent with the changing trend of the market environment. However, the rigidity of the cognitive model brought about by the success of past innovations and the inertia of the behavior will hinder the innovators’ judgment of future market changes, thereby refusing to adjust their innovation direction according to changes in the market. The establishment of a board of directors with independent shareholders and managers is the most important institutional arrangement for preventing the infringer’s personal tragedy from being transformed into a corporate tragedy.