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目的分析三级甲等传染病专科医院2013-2015年艾滋病患者多重耐药菌(MDRO)感染的现状(包括多重耐药菌感染特点、病原菌分布及病原菌对抗菌药物耐药情况等)。方法调查内容主要包括患者姓名、标本种类、耐药菌种类、是否为医院感染、采取的干预措施等;再通过查找文献,从而全面深入地总结干预措施。结果 AIDS患者是多重耐药菌的易感人群。检出的MDRO以ESBLs为主,共78株(70.27%),其次是MRSA(20.72%)。呼吸道是最主要的感染部位(62.23%)。MDRO主要为大肠埃希菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、金黄色葡萄球菌检出率均升高。结论合理使用抗生素、落实消毒隔离措施、切实提高手卫生依从性是预防和控制多重耐药菌感染的有效手段。
Objective To analyze the status of multiple drug-resistant bacteria (MDRO) infection in HIV-infected patients (including the characteristics of multiple drug-resistant bacterial infections, the distribution of pathogens and the drug resistance of pathogens to antimicrobials) in Grade A specialized infectious diseases hospitals from 2013 to 2015. Methods of investigation mainly include patient’s name, specimen type, drug-resistant bacteria type, whether it is nosocomial infection, intervention measures taken; and then find the literature, so as to comprehensively and deeply summarize the interventions. Results AIDS patients are susceptible to multidrug-resistant bacteria. The majority of MDROs were ESBLs, 78 (70.27%) followed by MRSA (20.72%). Respiratory tract is the most important site of infection (62.23%). MDRO mainly Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus detection rates were increased. Conclusion The rational use of antibiotics, the implementation of disinfection and isolation measures, and effectively improve hand hygiene compliance is an effective means to prevent and control multiple drug-resistant bacterial infections.