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运用数据包络分析(DEA)对希腊基层医疗卫生中心的效率进行观察。这些机构大都设立在人口较少的边远地区,为当地人群提供初级、二级医疗服务以及承担相应的预防、卫生等服务。样本来源于希腊国家卫生系统中18个单位中的17个,描述生产率的投入变量为医生总数、护士总数和床位数,产出变量是住院人数、门诊人数和预防保健服务。由于规模的稳定性和机构划定的标准性,DEA调整的是投入变量,分析有无预防保健服务变量,结果出现了26·77%和25·33%的技术低效率。考虑到边远地区的不利影响因素,如在小岛上更加低效率,这就可以假设,通过为高依赖人群提供服务准入的公平性来修正被减少的有效性。此外,还发现医疗机构额外提供预防保健服务的更好作用,这也解决了医疗机构在当前卫生保健系统改革中应该有的作用。
Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) was used to observe the efficiency of basic health care centers in Greece. Most of these institutions are set up in remote areas with few populations, providing primary and secondary medical services for the local population and undertaking corresponding preventive and health services. The sample was taken from 17 out of 18 units in the Greek national health system. The input variables describing productivity were total number of doctors, total number of nurses and number of beds. The output variables were hospitalizations, outpatients and preventive health services. Due to the stability of the scale and the demarcation standard of the organization, the DEA adjusted the input variable and analyzed whether there were preventive health care variables. As a result, 26.77% and 25.33% of the technical inefficiencies occurred. Considering the adverse factors in remote areas, such as being more inefficient on small islands, it can be assumed that the effectiveness of the reduction is corrected by providing fair access to highly dependent populations for access to services. In addition, medical institutions have also been found to provide additional benefits of preventive health services, which also addresses the role that medical institutions should play in the current reform of the health care system.