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对于低合金钢厚板焊件,一般需进行中间焊后热处理,以防止发生氢裂。可是,从能源的观点和交货日期来看,这样的热处理是不经济的。为了寻找一种比较适当的热处理方法,作者使用2(1/4)Cr—1M_o 钢,对焊缝开裂的原因及其防止方法进行了一些基础研究,得到如下结果:(1)厚板焊件中在厚度方向上的扩散氢富集区恰好就在表层下面,而横向开裂往往就发生在这一区域中。(2)为了防止焊缝开裂,有效的办法是在完成焊接以后立即对焊接区进行较低温度的焊后热处理(在300℃处理30分钟,以下称为即时低温后热处理,以此来减少焊缝中的扩散氢量。
For low alloy steel plate weldment, the general need for intermediate heat treatment after welding to prevent the occurrence of hydrogen cracking. However, from the point of view of energy and delivery date, such heat treatment is uneconomical. In order to find a more appropriate method of heat treatment, the authors used 2 (1/4) Cr-1M_o steel to make some basic researches on the causes and prevention methods of weld cracking, and got the following results: (1) In the thickness direction of the diffusion of hydrogen-rich area just below the surface, and transverse cracking often occurs in this area. (2) In order to prevent weld cracking, it is effective to perform a post-weld heat treatment at a relatively low temperature on the weld zone immediately after the welding is completed (at 300 ° C for 30 minutes, hereinafter referred to as instant low temperature post-heat treatment, thereby reducing welding Diffusion of hydrogen in the seam.