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１前言等离子束一般指经喷嘴压缩的直流电弧，若压缩喷嘴作为阳极，则为非转移弧，若金属工件作为阳极，则为转移弧。其压缩比以及弧柱的截面形状可通过喷嘴调节。转移弧的热效率大大高于非转移弧，并且对等离子炬喷嘴的冷却要求低，但工件必须是导体。等离子弧的中心温度可达
1 Introduction Plasma beam generally refers to the DC arc compressed by the nozzle, if the compression nozzle as the anode, the non-transfer arc, if the metal workpiece as the anode, the transfer arc. The compression ratio and the cross-sectional shape of the arc column can be adjusted through the nozzle. The thermal efficiency of the transfer arc is much higher than that of the non-transfer arc, and the cooling requirements of the plasma torch nozzle are low, but the workpiece must be a conductor. Plasma arc center temperature up