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目的为放射性碘危害与医学防护的研究提供资料。方法应用图像分析技术和形态计量学方法，测量了１３１Ｉ、１３２Ｉ注入后２０个月大鼠甲状腺滤泡上皮细胞核的形态计量学参数的变化。结果各剂量组滤泡上皮细胞核截面积、等效直径增大，形状因子明显小于对照组（Ｐ＜０．０５或Ｐ＜０．０１），异形指数明显大于对照组（Ｐ＜０．０５～Ｐ＜０．０１），体积密度，表面积密度、数密度呈先增加后减少的变化特点。结论表明细胞受到放射性碘照射后胞核增大，其形状不仅扁而且异形；体积密度、表面积密度增加或减小的原因是由于胞核数密度的改变所致；对细胞核数密度与放射性碘致甲状腺肿瘤发生率的回归分析发现，两者呈明显的正相关关系，表明肿瘤发生率的高低与单位体积上细胞的数量有关
Objective To provide information on the research of radioactive iodine hazards and medical protection. Methods The morphometric parameters of the thyroid follicular epithelial cells were measured by image analysis and morphometric methods after 20 months of 131I and 132I injection. Results The cross - sectional area and the equivalent diameter of follicular epithelial cells in each dose group were significantly larger than those in the control group (P <0.05 or P <0.01), and the shape index was significantly larger than that in the control group (P <0.05 ~ P <0.01). The bulk density, surface area density and number density first increased and then decreased. The results showed that the nuclei increased after irradiation with radioactive iodine, and the shape of the cells was not only flat and irregular. The reason for the increase or decrease of bulk density and surface area density was due to the change of the nucleus density. Regression analysis of the incidence of thyroid tumors found that the two showed a significant positive correlation, indicating that the level of tumor incidence and the number of cells per unit volume