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本文通过光学显微镜、扫描电子显微镜对经发射光谱分析后的试样表面形貌进行了观察,发现用高压火花或电弧分析后的钢铁样品表面,均有一层10～30μm厚的白亮区。经X射线衍射分析结果证明,此表层组织是在分析过程中,由于试样表面发生结构相变而产生的马氏体和残余奥氏体。电子探针分析表明,在分析过程中其它外来元素很容易进入这一区域,从而引起该区域的成份变化。在钢铁材料中,这一层的硬度通常比基体要高许多,使得表层区不易被磨掉。文中对白亮区的产生机理进行了探讨。同时,由于表面产生了这样一层结构、成份都变化了的组织,所以在分析过程中,对于反复使用的标样应特加注意。
In this paper, the optical microscope and scanning electron microscope (SEM) were used to observe the surface morphology of the samples after the emission spectrum analysis. The surface of steel samples after high-voltage spark or arc analysis showed a white light area of 10 ~ 30μm. The results of X-ray diffraction analysis show that the surface layer is the martensite and retained austenite produced by structural phase change on the sample surface during the analysis. Electron probe analysis shows that other foreign elements easily enter the area during the analysis, causing changes in the composition of the area. In steel materials, the hardness of this layer is usually much higher than the matrix, making the surface area is not easy to be worn away. In this paper, the mechanism of white light area is discussed. At the same time, due to the surface of such a layer of structure and composition have changed the organization, so in the analysis process, for repeated use of the standard should pay special attention.