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视网膜母细胞瘤基因(Rb)的克隆代表了现代肿瘤研究的一个里程碑,因为它是被分离出来的第一个人类肿瘤易感基因,并迅速验证了有关肿瘤起源的二次突变假说,在过去11年中Rb被科学界当作肿瘤抑制基因的一个突出范例。随后,有关Rb产物的功能特性的研究提供了将DNA肿瘤病毒的生物学性状、白细胞循环过程、DNA聚合酶的调节和哺乳动物肿瘤发生的途径联系起来的线索。虽然研究工作取得了很大进展,但仍有一些问题未能解答。
Cloning of the retinoblastoma gene (Rb) represents a milestone in modern cancer research because it is the first human tumor-susceptible gene to be isolated and rapidly validates the quadratic mutation hypothesis concerning the origin of the tumor that in the past Rb was a prominent example of the tumor suppressor gene in the scientific community for 11 years. Subsequently, studies on the functional properties of Rb products provide clues that link the biological properties of DNA oncolytic viruses, the processes of leucocyte circulation, the regulation of DNA polymerases, and mammalian oncogenesis. Although great progress has been made in the research work, some problems remain unanswered.