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1973年Steinman和Cohn首次分离出一类与粒细胞、巨噬细胞和淋巴细胞形态和功能不同的细胞,因其形态具有树突样或伪足样突起而命名为树突状细胞(dendritic cell,DC)。以后很长时期,由于其体内含量少及对其来源和分化发育途径缺乏了解,导致获得细胞数量极少,从而极大地限制了对其功能特点的研究。90年代,人们在体外应用细胞因子大量扩增DC获得成功,随之大量的研究显示DC是体内功能最强的专职抗原提呈细胞(antigen presenting cell,APC),是抗原特异性免疫的始动者,在调控机体的免疫应答以及抗肿瘤过程中
In 1973, for the first time, Steinman and Cohn isolated a group of cells that differed in morphology and function from those of granulocytes, macrophages, and lymphocytes, and dendritic cells (dendritic cells, DC). After a long time, due to its low content in vivo and its lack of understanding of the source and differentiation of development, leading to the very small number of cells, thus greatly limiting its functional characteristics of the study. In the 1990s, the success of large-scale expansion of DCs using cytokines in vitro was demonstrated. As a result, a large number of studies have shown that DCs are the most potent antigen presenting cells (APCs) in vivo and are the initiators of antigen-specific immunity In the regulation of the body’s immune response and anti-tumor process