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形而上学是一个歧义较多的词,主要有两种含义:一是指作为研究超感觉的、经验以外对象的哲学,二是指与辩证法相对立的思维方式。马克思主义哲学,特别是中国马克思主义哲学主要是在后一种意义上使用形而上学。当前理论界兴起了一股研究形而上学的热潮,人们认为哲学就是形而上学,甚至认为马克思主义哲学是实践形而上学。这一研究加深了人们对形而上学的理解,但不符合中国马克思主义哲学的本意。在马克思主义哲学中国化过程中,毛泽东、邓小平、江泽民等一以贯之地把形而上学作为与辩证法相对立的宇宙观和方法论,这一规定经过60多年的宣传教育已为广大群众所接受。
Metaphysics is a word with a lot of ambiguity. There are mainly two meanings: one is the philosophy of being an object beyond super-sensation and experience, and the other is the opposite of dialectics. Marxist philosophy, especially Chinese Marxist philosophy, mainly uses metaphysics in the latter sense. At present, there is an upsurge of researching metaphysics in the current theoretical circle. People think that philosophy is metaphysics and even consider Marxist philosophy as practical metaphysics. This study deepens people’s understanding of metaphysics, but it does not accord with the original intention of Chinese Marxist philosophy. During the process of sinicizing Marxist philosophy in China, Mao Zedong, Deng Xiaoping and Jiang Zemin consistently adopted metaphysics as the cosmology and methodology opposed to dialectics. This provision has been accepted by the masses after more than 60 years of publicity and education.