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中国利用专利制度保护遗传资源的立法设计有一定的进步性,也存在着缺陷。国外遗传资源立法的经验和教训值得我们吸收借鉴。在专利法律制度的框架下,构建遗传资源的保护制度,应当从扩大授予专利权客体范围、严格“现有技术”的认定、健全惠益分享机制、将来源披露作为专利授权的独立形式要件等方面展开,以最终达到保护中国遗传资源并合理利用的目标。
The legislative design of China’s use of the patent system to protect genetic resources is somewhat progressive and flawed. The experience and lessons of legislation on foreign genetic resources deserve us to learn from. Under the framework of patent law, the system of protection of genetic resources should be constructed from the following aspects: expanding the range of objects granted patent right, strictly confirming the “existing technology”, improving the benefit-sharing mechanism and disclosing the source as an independent form of patent authorization Requirements and other aspects in order to eventually achieve the goal of protecting China’s genetic resources and making rational use of them.