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采用水培试验,在不同镉(Cd)浓度条件下,研究镉在水芹各个器官内的积累及生长规律,同时检测镉对水芹的生理生化指标的影响,包括水芹根部细胞的超微结构、叶绿素含量、可溶性蛋白含量、根系活力指标。结果表明,在低浓度Cd2+处理下,实验组与对照组株高和根数无区别(P>0.05);高浓度处理下,水芹株高和根数都显著减少,鲜重生物量也明显降低,地上生物量与地下生物量比值升高。当Cd2+达到2 mg·L-1时根部细胞逐渐失去原有基本形态,胞浆内容物密度增大,细胞壁部分出现断裂等特征。根、茎和叶三种器官镉元素含量随着Cd2+浓度升高而增加,当Cd2+浓度为10 mg·L-1时,根、茎和叶中镉元素含量达到最大,分别为(422.726±0.023)、(78.645±0.012)和(49.118±0.041)mg·kg-1;吸收效率和转运效率随着Cd2+浓度升高而逐渐增高,富集系数在Cd2+浓度为1 mg·L-1时达到最大,随后呈递减趋势。此外,在高浓度Cd2+的作用下,叶绿素总量、叶绿素a和可溶性蛋白总体均呈现下降趋势。
The effects of cadmium on the physiological and biochemical indexes of cress were tested under hydroponic experiment under different concentrations of cadmium (Cd). The effects of cadmium on the physiological and biochemical indexes of cress Structure, Chlorophyll content, Soluble protein content, Root activity index The results showed that there was no difference between plant height and root number (P> 0.05) under low Cd2 + treatment (P> 0.05). Under high concentration treatment, plant height and root number decreased significantly and fresh weight Decreased, the ratio of aboveground biomass to underground biomass increased. When Cd2 + reached 2 mg · L-1, the root cells gradually lost their original basic morphology, the density of the cytoplasm increased, and the cell wall part was broken. The contents of cadmium in roots, stems and leaves increased with the increase of Cd2 + concentration. When Cd2 + concentration was 10 mg · L-1, the contents of Cd in roots, stems and leaves reached the maximum (422.726 ± 0.023 ), (78.645 ± 0.012) and (49.118 ± 0.041) mg · kg-1, respectively. The absorption efficiency and transport efficiency increased with the increase of Cd2 + concentration, and the enrichment coefficient reached the maximum when Cd2 + concentration was 1 mg · L-1 , Followed by a decreasing trend. In addition, the total chlorophyll, chlorophyll a and soluble protein all showed a downward trend under the action of high Cd2 + concentration.