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采用前期建立的快速无损伤测定SPAD值分析相对叶绿素含量的模型,于低氮与正常供氮大田试验处理下,对我国玉米育种与生产上重要的189份玉米自交系开展了低氮与正常供氮条件下不同时期与不同部位叶片的相对叶绿素含量分析。方差分析结果表明,低氮与正常供氮条件下,叶绿素含量均存在极显著的基因型与环境差异,基因型差异是氮敏感性差异的重要原因之一。散粉期和散粉后10 d玉米主要功能叶穗三叶(穗位上第1叶、穗位叶、穗位下第1叶)叶绿素含量之间具有极显著正相关;大喇叭口期玉米全展叶叶绿素含量与各时期各部位叶绿素含量之间呈极显著中度相关。将正常供氮条件下的性状值与低氮胁迫下性状值的差值占正常供氮条件下性状值的百分比定义为氮敏感性。189份玉米自交系氮平均氮敏感指数变幅为23.86%~36.00%,表现高度耐低氮的材料有合344和昌7-2等40份自交系,高度敏感的材料有CML206和CA375等40份自交系。本研究提供了一种快速高效的种质资源氮敏感性鉴定与评价方法,并为玉米耐低氮与氮高效的遗传育种提供了重要分析结果与基础数据。
Based on the rapid and non-destructive determination of relative chlorophyll content by SPAD analysis, the low nitrogen and normal nitrogen supply fields were used to test 189 low nitrogen and normal maize inbred lines that are important in breeding and production of maize in China. Analysis of relative chlorophyll content of leaves in different periods and locations under nitrogen supply. Analysis of variance showed that there was significant genotype and environmental difference in chlorophyll content under low nitrogen and normal nitrogen supply, and genotypic difference was one of the important reasons for the difference in nitrogen sensitivity. There was a significant positive correlation between the chlorophyll content of the main function leaves of corn (the first leaf at the ear position, the first leaf position at the ear position and the first leaf at the ear position) Leaf chlorophyll content and the chlorophyll content of various parts of each period showed a significant significant correlation. Nitrogen sensitivity was defined as the percentage of the trait under normal nitrogen supply and the trait under low nitrogen stress accounting for the trait under normal nitrogen supply. The average nitrogen sensitive index of 189 maize inbred lines ranged from 23.86% to 36.00%, and the most highly inbred lines were C446 and Chang7-2. The highly sensitive materials CML206 and CA375 40 inbred lines. This study provides a rapid and efficient method for the identification and evaluation of nitrogen sensitivities in germplasm. It also provides important analysis results and basic data for the genetic breeding of low nitrogen and nitrogen-tolerant maize.