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通过动态核极化(dynamic nuclear polarization,DNP)的方法使原子核自旋极化达到热平衡之上来增强分子磁共振10,000倍以上的信号,这一过程称为超极化(hyperpolarization,HP)。溶解性DNP允许超极化分子以液体形式转移至生物体内,可实时观测体内的生物灌注、代谢产物的运输和代谢反应。该技术的发明克服了传统磁共振信号低,不能实时监测体内代谢过程的缺点。本文旨在介绍动态核极化的定义和技术、常用的超极化生物探针、超极化磁共振波谱图像的结果分析以及初步的动物实验和临床试验结果。
This process is called hyperpolarization (HP) by using dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) to increase the nuclear spin polarization of the nucleus to more than 10,000 times the molecular magnetic resonance. Solubility DNP allows the transfer of hyperpolarized molecules into the body in liquid form, allowing real-time observations of biological perfusion in vivo, transport of metabolites, and metabolic reactions. The invention of the technology overcomes the shortcomings of traditional MR signals such that the in vivo metabolic process can not be monitored in real time. This article aims to introduce the definition and technology of dynamic nuclear polarization, the commonly used hyperpolarized bioprobe, the results of hyperpolarized magnetic resonance spectroscopy images and preliminary animal experiments and clinical trial results.