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参考价格制度是德国医保制度中最为重要的基本制度之一。德国药品参考价格制度的核心是为法定医疗保险用药范围内的药品制定参考价格。参考价格为生产者、消费者和支付第三方(政府或保险公司)提供了一种参考标准和依据,其目的是控制第三方付费者(政府或保险公司)的药费支出为目的,刺激药品供方主动降价,同时引导药品需方的消费行为。在制度管理上,社会机构的集体自治起到的作用至关重要,德国政府作用主要体现为在设定法律框架前提的情况下进行的技术监管和财务管理两大方面。该制度为我国药品价格管理的改革,界定政府职能的重新界定和发挥社会组织的作用提供了有益的启示。
The reference price system is one of the most important basic systems in the German health insurance system. The core of the German drug reference price system is to formulate reference prices for medicines within the statutory medical insurance coverage. Reference prices provide a reference standard and basis for producers, consumers and third parties paying payment (government or insurance companies) for the purpose of controlling drug charges for third-party payers (government or insurance companies), stimulating drugs Providers take the initiative to lower prices, while guiding consumer demand side of consumer behavior. In institutional management, the role of collective autonomy of social institutions plays an important role. The role of the German government is mainly manifested in the two aspects of technical supervision and financial management under the premise of setting the legal framework. This system provides useful enlightenment for the reform of China’s drug price management, defining the redefinition of government functions and giving play to the role of social organizations.