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一、 重点句型解析
1． -ed 分词作宾语补足语
【教材例句】
We found the room decorated with framed ads on the walls.
【高考链接】
Television has so many advantages. It keeps us ______ about the______ news, and also provides entertainment in the home. (2004北京西城区)
A. informed; latest B. to know; later
C. learning; later D. to think; later
【句型解读】
句意：电视有许多优势，它使我了解最新的消息，并提供在家里娱乐的机会。句中us和informed就构成被动关系。若同宾语构成主动关系时，则应用-ing分词。例如：
The old man stood behind the door, with his eyes looking into the sky.
Many foreigners in England have considerable difficulty in making themselves understood.
2. all 与not 连用构成的部分否定
【教材例句】
Not all ads are used to promote a product or to increase a company’s profits.
【高考链接】
We haven’t enough books for ______；some of you will have to share. (2005豫，晋，黑)
A. somebody B. anybody
C. everybody D. nobody
【句型解读】
all、both、every或every构成的合成词与not连用时表示部分否定。例如：
Not both of us have been to the Great Wall.我们俩并非都去过长城。 ＝ Both of us have not been to the Great Wall.
若表示全部否定时，则应用下列形式：neither, none, nor, no one, nothing, nobody, not ... any或no＋名词等。例如：
Neither of us knew the secret.我们俩人都不知道这个秘密。
3． if条件从句的省略
【教材例句】
If untreated, it would produce a powerful poison that would kill the patient.
【高考链接】
Find a seat quickly；______ there won’t be any left. (2006东北联考)
A. if not B. if soC. or ratherD. or so
【句型解读】
if 引导的条件状语从句的省略必须符合一定的要求，即从句中的主语与主句的主语一致，这时通常省略从句的主语和助动词部分。if not＝if you don’t find a seat quickly.常见的省略形式有if possible, if so, if necessary, if any, if in need等。例如：
Correct the mistakes in your composition if any.
类似用法还有until, unless, once, when, while, as if, though等。例如：
When comparing different cultures, we often pay attention only to the differences without noticing many similarities. (2006浙江)
The research is so designed that once begun nothing can be done to change it. (2002全国)
The man opened his eyes and moved his lips, as if to say that he had something to tell the doctor.
4. 动名词短语用法归纳
【教材例句】
Choosing the name for a product is of course extremely important.
【高考链接】
Victor apologized for ______to inform me of the change in the plan. (2004上海春)
A. his being not able
B. him not to be able
C. his not being able
D. him to be not able
【句型解读】
动名词短语在句中的用法上相当于一个名词短语，在句中可作主语、表语和宾语。上句中his not being able 就是充当介词for的宾语。例如：
In some parts of London, missing a bus means waiting for another hour. (作主语)
My job is teaching you English. (作表语)
5. if 条件句的虚拟句型归纳
【教材例句】
If you were working hard, you would not be cold.
【高考链接】
You didn’t let me drive. If we ______ in turn, you ______ so tired. (1996全国)
A. drove; didn’t get
B. drove; wouldn’t get
C. were driving; wouldn’t get
D. had driven; wouldn’t have got
【句型解读】
以上两句都是虚拟句。if 条件句的虚拟句型包括三种情况，即对过去、现在和将来的虚拟。例如：
If you had hurried, you would have caught the train. (过去)
If I were at school again, I would study harder. (现在)
If it should rain tomorrow, we would not go climbing. (将来)
注意，在条件句中可省略if，把were, had, should提到句首，变成倒装句式。如以上三句可表达为：
Had you hurried, you would have caught the train.
Were I at school again, I would study harder.
Should it rain tomorrow, we would not go climbing.
6. as 引导的非限制性定语从句
【教材例句】
Let’s observe another little scene, as you might have in your life to come.
【高考链接】
______I explained on the phone, your request will be considered at the next meeting. (2005浙江)
A. When B. After C. As D. Since
【句型解读】
以上两个例句都是as引导的非限定性定语从句，可用于句首或句中。而which引导的非限制性定语从句只用于句中。as是关系代词，在定语从句中充当主语、表语或宾语。
the same ... as ...; such ... as ... 也可以引导定语从句。例如：
This is the same suit as I bought yesterday.
Mr. Brown is such an informed teacher as we all respect.
7. as引导的让步状语从句
【教材例句】
Well paid as he was, he often ended up in financial trouble, though.
【高考链接】
______, he talks a lot about his favorite singer after class.
A. A quiet student as he may be
B. Quiet student as he may be
C. Be a quiet student as he may
D. Quiet as he may be a student
【句型解读】
as引导的让步状语从句必须采用倒装句型将表语提前，也可以把副词、动词原形提前；若表语为单数可数名词，前面不能加任何冠词。例如：
Try as she might, Carolina couldn’t get the door open. (2005重庆)
Much as I respect him, I can’t agree with his idea.
Young as I am, I already know what career I want to follow. 虽然年轻，但我已明白应该追随什么样的事业。
二、 长难句子解析
1. To do so, they employed skilled advertisers who sometimes try to sell us things by making us believe that we are not good enough the way we are or that people will not like us unless we buy their product.
【问】 该句子结构比较复杂，怎样划分句子结构？
【答】 整个句子是包含多个从句的复合句。who引导的是定语从句，by引导的方式状语含有两个that引导的并列宾语从句；在第一个that宾语从句中，the way we are 又是一个省略关系代词的定语从句。所以句子的主干部份就是They employed skilled advertisers.
2. Lying around them were chains, guns, tools, bedding, clothing and many other articles.
【问】 句中的lying around them是什么结构？
【答】 这是一个倒装句。其正常语序为：Chains, guns, tools, bedding, clothing and many other articles were lying around them.在英语中有时因为主语太长，为了平衡句子结构或突出状语而采用倒装句。例如：
In a lecture hall of a university in England sits a professor.
3. It was in 1845 that my father made the decision to move west.
【问】 句中that引导的是定语从句吗？
【答】 这是一个强调句型，其基本结构是：It is / was ＋被强调部分＋ that / who +其它。该句型可以强调除谓语之外的任何成份。判断是否为强调句的标准是去掉 It is / was ... that ...，若句子结构依然完整，就是强调句，否则便不是。上句可变型为：In 1845, my father made the decision to move west.强调句的考查是近年来高考考查的重点和热点，同学们需要熟练地掌握。
4. It is the only time of year when one does not only think about oneself, but when men and women open their hearts freely and think of other people.
【问】 句中两个when分别引导什么从句？
【答】 两个when引导的是并列的定语从句，修饰先行词the only time。not only ... but ... 在这里连接两个when引导的定语从句。
1． -ed 分词作宾语补足语
【教材例句】
We found the room decorated with framed ads on the walls.
【高考链接】
Television has so many advantages. It keeps us ______ about the______ news, and also provides entertainment in the home. (2004北京西城区)
A. informed; latest B. to know; later
C. learning; later D. to think; later
【句型解读】
句意：电视有许多优势，它使我了解最新的消息，并提供在家里娱乐的机会。句中us和informed就构成被动关系。若同宾语构成主动关系时，则应用-ing分词。例如：
The old man stood behind the door, with his eyes looking into the sky.
Many foreigners in England have considerable difficulty in making themselves understood.
2. all 与not 连用构成的部分否定
【教材例句】
Not all ads are used to promote a product or to increase a company’s profits.
【高考链接】
We haven’t enough books for ______；some of you will have to share. (2005豫，晋，黑)
A. somebody B. anybody
C. everybody D. nobody
【句型解读】
all、both、every或every构成的合成词与not连用时表示部分否定。例如：
Not both of us have been to the Great Wall.我们俩并非都去过长城。 ＝ Both of us have not been to the Great Wall.
若表示全部否定时，则应用下列形式：neither, none, nor, no one, nothing, nobody, not ... any或no＋名词等。例如：
Neither of us knew the secret.我们俩人都不知道这个秘密。
3． if条件从句的省略
【教材例句】
If untreated, it would produce a powerful poison that would kill the patient.
【高考链接】
Find a seat quickly；______ there won’t be any left. (2006东北联考)
A. if not B. if soC. or ratherD. or so
【句型解读】
if 引导的条件状语从句的省略必须符合一定的要求，即从句中的主语与主句的主语一致，这时通常省略从句的主语和助动词部分。if not＝if you don’t find a seat quickly.常见的省略形式有if possible, if so, if necessary, if any, if in need等。例如：
Correct the mistakes in your composition if any.
类似用法还有until, unless, once, when, while, as if, though等。例如：
When comparing different cultures, we often pay attention only to the differences without noticing many similarities. (2006浙江)
The research is so designed that once begun nothing can be done to change it. (2002全国)
The man opened his eyes and moved his lips, as if to say that he had something to tell the doctor.
4. 动名词短语用法归纳
【教材例句】
Choosing the name for a product is of course extremely important.
【高考链接】
Victor apologized for ______to inform me of the change in the plan. (2004上海春)
A. his being not able
B. him not to be able
C. his not being able
D. him to be not able
【句型解读】
动名词短语在句中的用法上相当于一个名词短语，在句中可作主语、表语和宾语。上句中his not being able 就是充当介词for的宾语。例如：
In some parts of London, missing a bus means waiting for another hour. (作主语)
My job is teaching you English. (作表语)
5. if 条件句的虚拟句型归纳
【教材例句】
If you were working hard, you would not be cold.
【高考链接】
You didn’t let me drive. If we ______ in turn, you ______ so tired. (1996全国)
A. drove; didn’t get
B. drove; wouldn’t get
C. were driving; wouldn’t get
D. had driven; wouldn’t have got
【句型解读】
以上两句都是虚拟句。if 条件句的虚拟句型包括三种情况，即对过去、现在和将来的虚拟。例如：
If you had hurried, you would have caught the train. (过去)
If I were at school again, I would study harder. (现在)
If it should rain tomorrow, we would not go climbing. (将来)
注意，在条件句中可省略if，把were, had, should提到句首，变成倒装句式。如以上三句可表达为：
Had you hurried, you would have caught the train.
Were I at school again, I would study harder.
Should it rain tomorrow, we would not go climbing.
6. as 引导的非限制性定语从句
【教材例句】
Let’s observe another little scene, as you might have in your life to come.
【高考链接】
______I explained on the phone, your request will be considered at the next meeting. (2005浙江)
A. When B. After C. As D. Since
【句型解读】
以上两个例句都是as引导的非限定性定语从句，可用于句首或句中。而which引导的非限制性定语从句只用于句中。as是关系代词，在定语从句中充当主语、表语或宾语。
the same ... as ...; such ... as ... 也可以引导定语从句。例如：
This is the same suit as I bought yesterday.
Mr. Brown is such an informed teacher as we all respect.
7. as引导的让步状语从句
【教材例句】
Well paid as he was, he often ended up in financial trouble, though.
【高考链接】
______, he talks a lot about his favorite singer after class.
A. A quiet student as he may be
B. Quiet student as he may be
C. Be a quiet student as he may
D. Quiet as he may be a student
【句型解读】
as引导的让步状语从句必须采用倒装句型将表语提前，也可以把副词、动词原形提前；若表语为单数可数名词，前面不能加任何冠词。例如：
Try as she might, Carolina couldn’t get the door open. (2005重庆)
Much as I respect him, I can’t agree with his idea.
Young as I am, I already know what career I want to follow. 虽然年轻，但我已明白应该追随什么样的事业。
二、 长难句子解析
1. To do so, they employed skilled advertisers who sometimes try to sell us things by making us believe that we are not good enough the way we are or that people will not like us unless we buy their product.
【问】 该句子结构比较复杂，怎样划分句子结构？
【答】 整个句子是包含多个从句的复合句。who引导的是定语从句，by引导的方式状语含有两个that引导的并列宾语从句；在第一个that宾语从句中，the way we are 又是一个省略关系代词的定语从句。所以句子的主干部份就是They employed skilled advertisers.
2. Lying around them were chains, guns, tools, bedding, clothing and many other articles.
【问】 句中的lying around them是什么结构？
【答】 这是一个倒装句。其正常语序为：Chains, guns, tools, bedding, clothing and many other articles were lying around them.在英语中有时因为主语太长，为了平衡句子结构或突出状语而采用倒装句。例如：
In a lecture hall of a university in England sits a professor.
3. It was in 1845 that my father made the decision to move west.
【问】 句中that引导的是定语从句吗？
【答】 这是一个强调句型，其基本结构是：It is / was ＋被强调部分＋ that / who +其它。该句型可以强调除谓语之外的任何成份。判断是否为强调句的标准是去掉 It is / was ... that ...，若句子结构依然完整，就是强调句，否则便不是。上句可变型为：In 1845, my father made the decision to move west.强调句的考查是近年来高考考查的重点和热点，同学们需要熟练地掌握。
4. It is the only time of year when one does not only think about oneself, but when men and women open their hearts freely and think of other people.
【问】 句中两个when分别引导什么从句？
【答】 两个when引导的是并列的定语从句，修饰先行词the only time。not only ... but ... 在这里连接两个when引导的定语从句。