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目的:探讨慢性肾病患者自我管理质量的影响因素及护理干预措施。方法:选取2013年6月至2014年1月收治的98例慢性肾病患者作为研究对象,采用随机数字表法分为观察组和对照组,每组各49例。应用自编的自我管理能力量表对患者自我管理质量进行问卷调查,分析其影响因素;将自我管理能力评分得分≥3分者纳入观察组,将得分<3分者纳入对照组,对照组实施常规护理,观察组采取Clark安适护理模式干预,均干预2个月,应用社会支持评定量表(SSRS)及肾病相关生活质量量表(KDQOLSF)评价护理干预效果。结果:护理前两组SSRS评分、KDQOL-SF评分比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),自我管理质量评分有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组和对照组护理后自我管理质量评分、SSRS评分、KDQOL-SF评分分别为(2.10±0.14)分、(46.71±2.13)分、(80.41±0.08)分和(2.24±0.21)分、(38.23±1.04)、(72.32±2.23)分,均优于各自护理前(P<0.05),其中观察组上述指标均优于对照组(P<0.05)。患者自我管理质量与疾病分期呈负相关(r=-0.64,P<0.05),与文化程度、参加讲座、家庭月收入、病程呈正相关(r=0.31,0.45,0.48,0.43,P<0.05)。结论:在对慢性肾病患者的管理过程中,应当重点关注患者文化程度、是否参加过相关知识讲座、家庭收入及病程等影响因素,针对病情和实际情况采取护理干预措施,提高患者自我管理能力,促进患者康复。
Objective: To explore the influencing factors of self-management quality of patients with chronic kidney disease and nursing interventions. Methods: A total of 98 patients with chronic kidney disease who were admitted to our hospital from June 2013 to January 2014 were selected and randomly divided into observation group and control group, with 49 cases in each group. Self-management ability questionnaire was used to conduct self-management of patient quality questionnaire survey to analyze the impact of factors; self-management ability score score of 3 points were included in the observation group, the score <3 points were included in the control group, the control group implementation The patients in the observation group were treated with Clark nursing intervention. All patients in the observation group were intervened for 2 months. The social support rating scale (SSRS) and the Nephrology-Related Quality of Life Scale (KDQOLSF) were used to evaluate the effect of nursing intervention. Results: There was no significant difference in SSRS score and KDQOL-SF score between the two groups before nursing (P> 0.05), and the score of self-management quality was statistically significant (P <0.05). The self-management quality score, SSRS score and KDQOL-SF score of the observation group and the control group were (2.10 ± 0.14) points, (46.71 ± 2.13) points, (80.41 ± 0.08) points and (2.24 ± 0.21) points respectively after treatment 38.23 ± 1.04) and (72.32 ± 2.23) respectively, which were better than those before nursing (P <0.05). The above indexes in observation group were better than those in control group (P <0.05). The quality of patient self-management was negatively correlated with the stage of disease (r = -0.64, P <0.05), and positively correlated with education level, attending lectures, family monthly income and course of disease (r = 0.31,0.45,0.48,0.43, P <0.05) . Conclusion: In the management of patients with chronic kidney disease, we should pay more attention to the patient’s educational level, whether to participate in related knowledge lectures, family income and course of disease and other influencing factors, to take nursing interventions for the disease and the actual situation, improve patient self-management ability, Promote patient rehabilitation.