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目的调查福州市中小学生超重肥胖的流行状况,并探讨其影响因素。方法用整群随机抽样法,收集福州市2014年2 446名7~18岁中小学生体检资料,进行超重肥胖流行状况和影响因素分析。结果 2014年中小学生超重检出率14.7%,其中男生18.5%、女生10.8%;肥胖检出率3.0%,其中男生3.4%,女生2.5%;超重肥胖检出率17.7%,其中男生21.9%,女生13.3%。总体上超重肥胖率随年龄增长呈下降趋势,城市男生超重肥胖程度高于农村男生和城乡女生。多因素logistic回归分析显示,性别、年龄、城乡、每周吃早餐次数和每周吃鸡蛋频率等,是学生超重肥胖的影响因素。结论福州市中小学生超重肥胖受多因素影响,规律吃早餐、减少鸡蛋摄入、参加体育锻炼及适当家庭作业,有助于减少超重肥胖。
Objective To investigate prevalence of overweight and obesity in primary and secondary school students in Fuzhou and to explore its influencing factors. Methods The cluster random sampling method was used to collect the physical examination data of 2 446 primary and secondary school students aged 7-18 years in Fuzhou in 2014 and analyze the prevalence and influencing factors of overweight and obesity. Results The detection rate of overweight among primary and secondary school students in 2014 was 14.7%, including 18.5% for boys and 10.8% for girls; the detection rate of obesity was 3.0%, of which 3.4% for boys and 2.5% for girls; the detection rate of overweight and obesity was 17.7% Girls 13.3%. In general, overweight and obesity rates showed a downward trend with age. The prevalence of overweight and obesity in urban boys was higher than that of rural boys and urban girls. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that gender, age, urban and rural areas, eating breakfast every week and eating eggs frequency per week were the influencing factors of overweight and obesity. Conclusion Overweight and obesity among primary and secondary school students in Fuzhou is influenced by many factors. Eating breakfast regularly, reducing egg intake, participating in physical exercises and proper homework help to reduce overweight and obesity.