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(一) 爆破漏斗及形成过程七十年代初期,美国、加拿大等国研究出了一种新型的爆破技术——球状药包漏斗爆破法,改进了连续柱状结构装药能量利用率低、震动效应大等缺点,使现代爆破技术得到进一步发展。目前,该项技术在北美、西欧等一些国家的露天、地下工程以及采矿生产中得到广泛地应用。所谓球状药包漏斗爆破法,是将球状药包埋设于自由面下的适当深度中,当药包爆炸后,形成一个爆破漏斗。此爆破漏斗由四个同心带组成,即可见漏斗带、真漏斗带、破碎带和应力带(见图1)。
(A) blasting funnel and the formation process The early seventies, the United States, Canada and other countries developed a new type of blasting technology - ball kits funnel blasting method to improve the continuous columnar structure charge energy utilization is low, the vibration effect Large and other shortcomings, so that the modern blasting technology has been further developed. At present, the technology is widely used in open-pit, underground engineering and mining in some countries such as North America, Western Europe. The so-called ball-shaped kits Funnel Blasting method, is to embed the spherical drug in the appropriate depth of the free surface, when the kits burst, the formation of a blasting funnel. This blasting funnel consists of four concentric belts, ie, funnel zone, true funnel zone, broken zone and stress zone (see Figure 1).