论文部分内容阅读
目的分析了解定州市2005-2015年麻疹流行病学特征,探讨防控麻疹的策略。方法用描述流行病学方法分析2005-2015年定州市麻疹流行病学特征,数据采用SPSS 23.0进行统计处理。结果 2005-2015年定州市麻疹确诊病例796例,年平均发病率为6.11/10万,3~4年出现一个发病高峰,发病集中在冬春季;城市发病高于农村,男女性别比为1.63∶1;发病主要集中在学龄前儿童,占76.88%,尤以<8月龄儿童发病率最高;>8月龄的确诊病例无免疫史者占34.86%,麻疹接种及时率低,有院感史病例占16.86%。MSS运转指标中,排除麻疹病例报告发病率0.91/10万,监测系统及时性指标均>90%,监测病例血标本采集率85.29%,病原学标本采集率5.14%。结论在目前仍为8个月麻疹初免的基础上,只能是通过提高适龄儿童接种及时率和全程接种率,做好查漏补种和强化免疫工作,提高麻疹监测灵敏性和特异性,防止院内交叉感染,及时采取措施防止疫情扩散和蔓延。
Objective To analyze and understand the epidemiological characteristics of measles from 2005 to 2015 in Dingzhou City and to discuss the strategy of preventing and controlling measles. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the epidemiological characteristics of measles in Dingzhou city from 2005 to 2015. The data were processed by SPSS 23.0. Results A total of 796 confirmed measles cases were detected in Dingzhou City from 2005 to 2015, with an average annual incidence rate of 6.11 / 100 000. A peak incidence occurred in 3 ~ 4 years. The incidence was concentrated in winter and spring. The incidence in urban areas was higher than that in rural areas, with a sex ratio of 1.63 : 1; incidence mainly concentrated in preschool children, accounting for 76.88%, especially in <8-month-old children the highest incidence;> 8-month-old confirmed cases of non-immune history accounted for 34.86%, measles vaccination timely rate, History of cases accounted for 16.86%. MSS indicators of operation, the incidence of measles cases excluded was 0.91 / 100,000, the timely monitoring system indicators were> 90%, the detection of blood samples collected rate of 85.29%, the collection rate of 5.14% of the etiological specimens. Conclusions At present, based on the 8-month initial measles immunization, we can improve the sensitivity and specificity of measles surveillance by improving timely vaccination and full coverage of school-age children, Prevent hospital cross-infection, take timely measures to prevent the spread and spread of the epidemic.