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采用平板对峙法、水解酶平板活性测定、圆孔滤液法与游动孢子萌发检测、挥发性抑菌物检测等方法探讨木霉生防菌株对烟草疫霉Phytophthora nicotianae Brada de Hann的拮抗作用机制。结果表明,TR13、TR14、TR17对烟草疫霉有竞争、重寄生和抗生作用,但不同木霉菌株对烟草疫霉的拮抗作用有所不同,TR13、TR14的竞争作用较强;水解酶平板活性测定表明,3个木霉菌株均产生β-1,3-葡聚糖酶、纤维素酶,两种酶均参与烟草疫霉细胞壁的消解,以TR13与TR14酶的活性较高;3个菌株均产生非挥发性抗生素抑制烟草疫霉菌孢子萌发,但对疫霉菌菌丝的生长影响不大;TR13、TR14几乎不产生挥发性抗生素,TR17则产生挥发性抗生素,明显抑制疫霉菌生长。
The antagonistic mechanism of the biocontrol strain Trichoderma against Phytophthora nicotianae Brada de Hann was investigated by plate confrontation assay, hydrolytic enzyme plate activity assay, round-hole filtrate assay, zoospore germination assay and volatile bacteriostasis assay. The results showed that TR13, TR14 and TR17 had competition, heavy parasite and antibiotic effects against Phytophthora nicotianae. However, the antagonistic effects of different Trichoderma strains on Phytophthora nicotianae were different, and the competitive effects of TR13 and TR14 were stronger. The results showed that all the three Trichoderma strains produced β-1,3-glucanase and cellulase, both of which were involved in the digestion of cell wall of Phytophthora nicotianae. The activity of TR13 and TR14 was high. Three strains All of them produced non-volatile antibiotics to inhibit the spore germination of Phytophthora nicotianae, but had little effect on the growth of Phytophthora capsici mycelia. Volatile antibiotics were hardly produced in TR13 and TR14, while volatile antibiotics were produced in TR17.