论文部分内容阅读
多花黑麦草(Lolium multiflorum)为我国南方农区种植最广,栽培面积最大的优良牧草。其产草时间集中在12月~次年5月,3~5月为高峰期,季节间供应极不平衡。对于南方阴雨潮湿天气,青贮是牧草储存的理想方法,开展多花黑麦草青贮技术研究对发展草地畜牧业具有重要意义。本文综述了国内外黑麦草青贮技术的研究进展,并在此基础上,重点讨论了黑麦草添加剂青贮技术、添加效果及其研究领域。对于多花黑麦草青贮来说,萎蔫青贮技术较为实用,但在高湿季节不宜采用。未来黑麦草青贮的主要发展方向是添加剂青贮技术,添加剂主要包括酸类添加剂、乳酸菌制剂、纤维素酶制剂、水溶性碳水化合物及混合添加剂。此外,混合青贮技术可以解决多花黑麦草含水量高的问题,在生产实践中具有很大的推广应用前景。
Lolium multiflorum is the finest grass that is the most widely planted and the largest cultivated area in southern China. Its grass production time concentrated in December ~ May next year, March to May for the peak, the season supply is extremely uneven. For the rainy and wet weather in the south, silage is an ideal method for the storage of forage grass. Carrying out researches on the silage technology of ryegrass is of great significance for the development of animal husbandry in the grassland. This review summarizes the research progress of ryegrass silage both at home and abroad, and on this basis, it mainly discusses the silage technology, additive effect and research field of ryegrass additive. For ryegrass silage, wilting silage technology is more practical, but should not be used in high humidity season. In the future, the main development direction of ryegrass silage is additive silage technology. The additives mainly include acid additives, lactic acid bacteria preparations, cellulase preparations, water-soluble carbohydrates and mixed additives. In addition, the mixed silage technology can solve the problem of high water content of ryegrass and has great popularization and application prospect in the production practice.