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美国学者卡茨和爱尔兰学者梅尔于1992年提出了卡特尔政党理论,并在此后的近20年间不断对其加以丰富和发展,使之形成了比较完整的体系。该理论从西方政党与社会和国家之间关系的变化入手,一方面探讨了政党与国家之间的关系日益密切、主流政党结成政治卡特尔垄断国家政权、议会和政府内的政党领袖和组织日趋强势、政党的中央机构不断强化等现象,为政党的存在和发展提供了合理的解释;另一方面也注意到了政党逐渐脱离社会而导致的政党地方组织和基层组织萎缩、党员数量下降等问题,意识到政党在长远发展中将会面临合法性不足的危机。不过,卡茨和梅尔未能找到应对这些问题和危机的办法,体现出了其理论的局限性。对卡特尔政党理论加以介绍和评价,为我们揭示当代西方政党发展变化的实质并预测其未来的变化趋势提供了新的理论视角。
The American scholar Katz and the Irish scholar Mel put forward the theory of the party of the cartel in 1992, and continuously enriched and developed it in the nearly 20 years since then, resulting in the formation of a relatively complete system. This theory starts with the change in the relations between the western political parties and the society and the state. On the one hand, it explores the increasingly close relationship between the political parties and the state, the mainstream political parties form a political cartel monopoly state power, political leaders and organizations in the parliament and the government The growing strength of political parties, the continuous strengthening of the central institutions of political parties and other phenomena have provided a reasonable explanation for the existence and development of political parties. On the other hand, they have noticed the problems such as the shrinking of the local and grassroots political parties and the drop in the number of party members in political parties as they gradually emerge from the society , Aware that political parties will face a crisis of lack of legitimacy in the long run. However, Katz and Mel failed to find a solution to these problems and crises, which reflected the limitations of its theory. Introducing and evaluating the theory of the party of the cartel provides a new theoretical perspective for revealing the essence of the development and changes of the contemporary western political parties and predicting their future trends.