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洛克社会契约思想的核心要义是:自然状态中人类无法自我保全的恐惧是政治社会赖以建立的真正基础;合法政府只能建立在自由、平等、理性的个体同意之上,并以法律作为人们在政治社会中相处的准则。洛克先验地将自我保全的欲望视为人类的根本属性与行动原则,以此来论证无限追求物质财富的正当性。这种哲学观放大了人类的欲望与恐惧,也就否认了人类对至善的追求,使人类社会最终陷入享乐主义、极端利己主义与道德虚无的困境,并开启了现代社会虚无主义危机的滥觞。
The essence of Locke’s social contract theory is that the fear that human beings can not be self-preserved in the natural state is the real foundation upon which the political society relies. The legitimate government can only be founded on the individual consent of freedom, equality and rationality, taking the law as the people Guidelines for getting along in politics and society. Locke transcended the desire of self-preservation as the fundamental attribute of human beings and the principle of action in order to demonstrate the legitimacy of unlimited pursuit of material wealth. This philosophical view magnified the desires and fears of mankind, and denied the pursuit of perfection for mankind, which eventually led human society into the predicament of hedonism, extreme egoism and moral nothingness, and initiated the nihilist crisis of modern society .