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沙漠地区低降速带沙层是导致地震信号高频成分严重衰减的主要原因。为此可利用微测井直达波资料,采用最佳维纳滤波方法,求出不同厚度低降速带地层的吸收补偿反滤波器来补偿地震数据的高频成分。文中简要介绍了吸收补偿反滤波器的原理,并应用吸收补偿反滤波器对常规叠加数据进行处理。处理前、后资料的对比表明,经吸收补偿处理的频谱能显著拓宽叠加数据目的层的优势信噪比带宽,增加高频成分的相对能量,提高叠加剖面的分辨率。此种吸收补偿处理还可以保护低频成分。用此方法补偿地震信号的高频衰减要比反Q滤波法效果好。
The low velocity sand zone in the desert area is the main reason leading to the serious attenuation of high frequency components of seismic signals. For this purpose, the Wiener direct wave data can be used and the best Wiener filter method can be used to obtain the absorption compensation inverse filter of strata with different thickness and low velocity zones to compensate the high frequency components of seismic data. In this paper, the principle of the absorption compensation inverse filter is briefly introduced, and the absorption compensation inverse filter is used to process the conventional superposition data. The comparison of the data before and after treatment shows that the frequency spectrum after absorbing compensation can significantly broaden the dominant signal-to-noise ratio bandwidth of the target layer of superimposed data, increase the relative energy of high-frequency components, and improve the resolution of the superimposed profile. This absorption compensation treatment also protects the low-frequency components. Using this method to compensate the high-frequency attenuation of seismic signals is better than the inverse Q-filtering method.