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在石油普查详查勘探中,高分辨率地震勘探是找礁的一种主要手段,而地震地层学是解释上的重要课题。文中对地震工作从测线布置、数据采集、处理到解释提供了一些方法。对于复杂构造和地层岩性圈闭油气藏,则使用三维面积勘探和地震地层岩性解释最为有效。多种物探方法和解释主要是指三维地震,VSP、全波声波测井、合成记录、合成声波测井、合成VSP和新发展的地震层析成像法等。文中扼要地介绍了这些方法的概念和作用,以及根据不同方法综合分析和解释礁的三维详细构造形态、确定礁与围岩的边界和礁内油气藏等,文中对各种方法提供的例子作了简单介绍。最后提出对我国找礁的一些看法。
In the detailed survey of petroleum censuses, high-resolution seismic exploration is a major means of finding reefs, and seismic stratigraphy is an important issue for interpretation. The paper provides some methods for the seismic work from the survey layout, data collection, processing to interpretation. For complex structures and stratigraphic lithologic trap reservoirs, it is most effective to use 3D area exploration and seismic stratigraphic lithology interpretation. A variety of geophysical methods and interpretation mainly refers to three-dimensional seismic, VSP, full-wave sonic logging, synthetic recording, synthetic sonic logging, synthetic VSP and the newly developed seismic tomography. In this paper, the concepts and functions of these methods are briefly introduced, and the three-dimensional detailed structural forms of the reefs are comprehensively analyzed and explained according to different methods to determine the boundaries between the reefs and the surrounding rocks and the reservoirs within the reefs. The examples provided by various methods A brief introduction. Finally put forward some views on looking for reefs in our country.