主流经济学讲的市场缺陷,是基于失去效率的市场缺陷。现实生活中存在三类市场缺陷:基于效率缺失的市场缺陷,基于公平缺失的市场缺陷,以及市场设计缺陷。从这三个视角研究市场缺陷,将为重新发现政府提供一个研究范式。重新发现政府的一个重要目的,就是要求它更多地直面后两类市场缺陷,对克服社会不公正有更加积极的作为。 The market flaws of mainstream economics are based on inefficient market imperfections. There are three types of market defects in real life: market imperfections based on lack of efficiency, market imperfections based on fair lack, and market design flaws. Studying market imperfections from these three perspectives will provide a paradigm for rediscovering the government. To rediscover an important purpose of the government is to require it to face more directly the defects of the latter two categories and to take a more active role in overcoming social injustice.