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本文利用植物有丝分裂制片新技术,对四个二倍体种、两个四倍体种、一个六倍体种进行了核型分析;对四个二倍体种、六个四倍体种、三个六倍体种进行了 Giemsa N 带分析。核型分析发现,四个二倍体种和 Emmer 种群的染色体都是中央着丝粒染色体,只有在 Triticumtimopheevit 和 T.aestivum 中出现了亚中部着丝粒染色体。而且多倍体小麦中,随体染色体数目并不是两个二倍体种或一个二倍体与一个四倍体种的随体染色体的总和。带型分析发现,四个二倍体种除 T.speltoides 外均不显 N 带。属于 Emmer 种群的五个四倍体种 N 带带型基本一致,T.timopheevit 带型与 Emmer 的带型则完全不同。
In this paper, the karyotypes of four diploid species, two tetraploid species and one hexaploid species were analyzed by using the new technology of plant mitosis. The four diploid species, six tetraploid species, Three hexaploid species were analyzed by Giemsa N band. Karyotyping revealed that the chromosomes of the four diploid and Emmer populations were all centromeric chromosomes, and the submetacentric chromosomes appeared only in Triticum timopheevit and T.aestivum. Moreover, in polyploid wheat, the number of satellite chromosomes is not the sum of two diploid species or one diploid and one tetraploid satellite chromosome. Banding analysis found that four diploid species except T.speltoides showed no N band. The five tetraploid N-belts belonging to the Emmer population are basically identical, and the T.timopheevit belts are completely different from Emmer’s belts.