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20例小儿白血病、肿瘤患儿在强烈化疗后致粒细胞减少时应用基因重组人粒细胞集落刺激因子（rhG－CSF），当其化疗后外周血白细胞计数低于2．0×109／L或中性粒细胞低于0．5×109／L时予皮下注射rhG－CSF2－5μg／kg·日，5－10天，并与12例同期住院病情、病种相似、年龄相当的化疗后白细胞减少患儿不予rhG－CSF仅给抗感染、输血等对症支持治疗进行比较。结果显示：rhG－CSF组白细胞恢复时间明显短于对照组（P＜0．01），用药组感染发生率为30％，低于对照组67％（P＜0．05）。
The recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (rhG-CSF) was used in 20 children with pediatric leukemia and neoplasms when the granulocytes were reduced after intensive chemotherapy. The peripheral blood leukocyte count was lower than 2.0×109/L after chemotherapy. When neutrophils were less than 0.5×109/L, rhG-CSF was administered subcutaneously at 2-5 μg/kg·day for 5-10 days, and compared with 12 leukocytes after chemotherapy similar to the same condition, disease, and age of the same period. Reducing rhG-CSF in children was only compared to symptomatic supportive care such as anti-infection and transfusion. The results showed that the recovery time of leukocytes in the rhG-CSF group was significantly shorter than that in the control group (P<0.01). The incidence of infection in the drug group was 30%, which was lower than that in the control group (67%, P<0.05).