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基于标准差椭圆和空间基尼系数,利用2001~2012年机场和航段的数据对中国航空货运空间变化特征进行分析,为制定航空货运产业发展战略和优化航空货运网络布局提供决策参考。结果表明:1航空货运的空间格局和经济格局分布一致,航空货运中心由东南沿海地区向西北内陆方向移动;2航空货运网络由混合式网络向轴辐式枢纽网络转化,由单一机场枢纽发展形成了京津、沪杭、广深和成渝4个组合枢纽;3航空货运在机场和航段上分布趋于分散;4航空货运主通道集中了30%以上的运输量。
Based on the standard deviation ellipse and spatial Gini coefficient, the spatial variation characteristics of China’s air cargo are analyzed based on the data of airports and flight segments from 2001 to 2012, which provides decision-making reference for the development of air cargo industry development strategy and the optimization of air cargo network layout. The results show that: 1 the spatial pattern of air cargo is consistent with the economic pattern, and the air cargo center moves from the southeast coastal area to the northwest inland direction; 2 the air cargo network is transformed from a hybrid network to a hub-and-spoke hub network and developed from a single airport hub Formed four combined hubs of Beijing-Tianjin, Shanghai-Hangzhou, Guangzhou-Shenzhen and Chengdu-Chongqing; 3 air cargoes tend to be scattered at airports and flight segments; 4 main air cargo channels concentrate more than 30% of traffic.