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卢卡奇在其晚年所写的《关于社会存在的本体论》一书中,从劳动作为目的论设定的社会存在初级形式出发,阐发了他所解读的马克思《资本论》及手稿中蕴含的哲学伦理思想,这种解读与其同时代的马克思主义思想家截然不同而又颇具高度。卢卡奇认为本体论是马克思主义伦理学的基础,必须在理解思路上厘清马克思的方法。通过对本体论基础上的价值分析,以及对伦理应该、伦理自由、伦理异化等范畴的马克思主义本体论分析,卢卡奇既批判了形形色色的资产阶级伦理道德意识形态,又分析了斯大林式僵化意识形态错误的历史根源。
In his book The Ontology of Social Being written in his later years, Lukacs began with the primary form of social existence set by work theory of teleology, and elucidated what he interpreted in his “capitalism” and manuscripts Philosophical ethics, this interpretation and its contemporary Marxist thin and very different height. Lukacs holds that ontology is the foundation of Marxist ethics and that Marx’s method must be clarified in terms of understanding. Through the analysis of the value based on the ontology and the analysis of the Marxist ontology in the areas of ethical deserving, ethical freedom and ethical alienation, Lukacs not only criticized all kinds of bourgeois ethical ideology, but also analyzed the Stalinist rigidity The historical roots of ideological error.