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目的分析北京市西城(南)区学校集中发热疫情的流行特征,探讨疫情控制的方法和效果。方法采用描述流行病学方法,对学校集中发热疫情报告、流行特点、症状、疫苗接种情况等进行分析,总结疫情发生原因和控制措施效果。结果 2014年11、12月共报告学校集中发热疫情34起,涉及11所学校,均由甲型H3N2亚型流感病毒引起。疫情呈现内部聚集,81.81%的学校有多个班级出现疫情。发热学生就诊率为45.65%,体温以中、高热为主,70.81%的发热学生符合流感样病例定义,临床表现以咳嗽、咽痛和头痛为主。结论 2014年辖区学校集中发热疫情报告明显高于上一年度,主要是甲型H3N2亚型流感病毒流行,寄宿制学校和小学是疫情防控重点。
Objective To analyze the epidemic characteristics of concentrated febrile epidemic in schools in Xicheng (South) District of Beijing and explore the methods and effects of epidemic control. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the reports of school-based fever, epidemic characteristics, symptoms and vaccination, and to summarize the causes of the outbreak and the effects of control measures. Results In November and December 2014, a total of 34 school-based fever cases were reported involving 11 schools, all of which were caused by influenza A (H3N2) influenza virus. The epidemic showed internal agglomeration, 81.81% of schools have more than one class outbreaks. The prevalence of fever was 45.65%. The body temperature was mainly in moderate and high fever. 70.81% of the febrile students met the definition of influenza-like illness. The main clinical manifestations were cough, sore throat and headache. Conclusions In 2014, the school district concentrated fever report was significantly higher than the previous year, mainly Influenza A (H3N2) subtype influenza viruses. Boarding schools and primary schools were the focus of prevention and control.