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目的调查贵阳市居家养老人群日常生活能力,分析其可能的影响因素,为老年人居家养老护理提供参考。方法采用多阶段分层整群随机抽样的方法,随机抽取8个居委会中年龄≥60岁的1 898名居家老年人进行日常生活能力调查;日常生活能力影响因素单因素分析采用t检验、F检验,两两比较采用LSD法,多因素分析采用多元线性回归。结果调查对象平均年龄为(71.4±5.9)岁。贵阳市居家老年人日常生活能力(ADL)总分为(14.91±3.88)分,躯体性日常生活能力(PADL)得分为(6.26±1.27)分,工具性日常生活能力(IADL)得分为(8.65±2.75)分。多元线性回归分析显示:对PADL、IADL和总的ADL有影响的因素及影响大小依次为年龄、是否参加体育锻炼、是否患慢性病和文化程度,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论贵阳市居家老年人日常生活能力总体水平较好,居家养老护理应重点关注高龄、患有慢性病和文化程度低的老年人。
Objective To investigate the daily living abilities of the elderly in Guiyang and to analyze the possible influencing factors so as to provide reference for elderly care in the elderly. Methods The multi-stage stratified cluster random sampling method was used to randomly select 1,898 elderly residents aged ≥60 years in the neighborhood committees to conduct daily living ability survey. Univariate analysis of daily living ability factors using t-test and F-test , Compared with each other using LSD method, multivariate analysis using multiple linear regression. Results The average age of the respondents was (71.4 ± 5.9) years old. The total score of ADL was (14.91 ± 3.88), the physical activity of daily living (PADL) was (6.26 ± 1.27) points and the instrumental daily living ability (IADL) was (8.65) ± 2.75) points. Multivariate linear regression analysis showed that the influencing factors of PADL, IADL and total ADL were age, participation in physical exercise, chronic diseases and educational level (P <0.05). Conclusion The daily living abilities of elderly living in Guiyang City are generally good. The home-based nursing care should focus on elderly people with chronic diseases and low educational level.