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范.弗拉森在批判科学实在论的论证方式的基础上,以“经验的适当性”为要点阐述了建构经验主义的认识论与方法论。他认为,接受理论的条件,并不是因为理论是真的,而是因为理论拯救了现象。就科学而言,我们“拥有一种说明”和“理论作出了说明”是两个不同的问题。前者隐含了一种约定,这种约定并不意味着给出说明的理论一定像实在论者认为的那样是真的,而只是给出理论与事实之间的一种相互关系。科学说明是一个依赖于语境的概念。范.弗拉森的语境论的科学说明观强调了科学发展中建构因素和语境因素,是有启发的。但他对科学成功的说明和关于物理实体的本体论承诺的观点,是值得商榷的。
On the basis of criticizing the method of argumentation of scientific realism, Van Fraser expounded empirically the epistemology and methodology of empiricism on the basis of “appropriateness of experience ”. He believes that to accept the theory of conditions, not because the theory is true, but because the theory has saved the phenomenon. As far as science is concerned, we have stated that “having a description” and “theory” are two different issues. The former implies an agreement that does not imply that the theory given is necessarily true, as the realists hold it, but only as an interrelationship between theory and fact. Scientific explanation is a context-dependent concept. Van Lasssen’s scientific explanation of context theory emphasizes the constructive and contextual factors in the development of science. However, his point of view on the success of science and on the ontological commitment of physical entities is debatable.