目的了解海南省卫生资源配置公平性状况及发展趋势。方法利用泰尔指数对2009—2012年海南省医疗卫生资源配置的公平性进行分析与评价,其中包括卫生机构、床位、卫生技术人员、医师、注册护士等6项指标。结果 2009—2012年期间,卫生资源配置的总泰尔指数在0.015 9~0.161 0之间,区域间卫生资源配置的泰尔指数在0.000 015~0.111 272之间,区域内卫生资源配置的泰尔指数在0.007 06~0.050 346之间;其中卫生机构区域间泰尔指数对总泰尔指数的贡献率在0.08%~36.62%,区域内泰尔指数对总泰尔指数的贡献率在63.38%~99.50%,其余各类卫生资源配置的区域间泰尔指数对总泰尔指数的贡献率在58.52%~88.92%,区域内泰尔指数对总泰尔指数的贡献率在11.08%~41.47%。结论海南省卫生资源配置的总体公平性较差,不同经济发展水平区域卫生资源配置的公平性存在较大差异,区域间差异是导致海南省卫生资源配置不公平的主要原因。 Objective To understand the fairness and development trend of health resource allocation in Hainan Province. Methods The Theil index was used to analyze and evaluate the fairness of medical and health resource allocation in Hainan Province from 2009 to 2012, including six indicators including health institutions, beds, health technicians, physicians and registered nurses. Results During the period of 2009-2012, the total Theil index of health resource allocation ranged from 0.015 9 to 0.161 0, the Theil index of regional health resource allocation ranged from 0.000 015 to 0.111 272, the regional health resource allocation of Tel The index is between 0.007 06 and 0.050 346; among them, the contribution rate of the Theil index to the total Theil index in the area of ​​health institutions is 0.08% ~ 36.62%; the contribution rate of the Theil index to the total Theil index in the region is 63.38% 99.50%. The contribution rate of the Theil index to the total Theil index among the remaining types of health resource allocation is 58.52% ~ 88.92%. The contribution rate of the Theil index to the total Theil index is 11.08% ~ 41.47%. Conclusion The overall fairness of health resource allocation in Hainan Province is poor. There is a big difference in the fairness of regional health resource allocation in different economic development levels. The differences among different regions are the main reasons leading to the unfair distribution of health resources in Hainan Province.