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本文以19世纪初期松江府的华亭和娄县两县(简称华娄地区)为例,对当时学校的主要类型及其功能定位,教育的规模(师生人数等)与投入(教师薪金、学生学习支出、校舍维修费用等),以及教育产业在经济中的地位等问题,进行探讨。结论是在19世纪初期的华娄地区,无论是从教育部门中的就业人数、社会对教育的投入数量,以及它们在社会就业总人口和国内生产总值(GDP)中所占的比重来看,还是从教育对经济成长的影响来看,教育都已成为一个重要的产业。因此从这个意义上可以说,如果我们对明清中国的教育作出新的认定并由此出发来看问题,那么以往流行的看法恐怕就难以成立了。
Taking the Huating and Louxian Counties of Songjiang Prefecture in the early 19th century as an example, this paper analyzes the main types of schools at that time and their function orientation, the scale of education (the number of teachers and students) and the input (teacher salaries, students Learning expenses, school maintenance costs, etc.), and the status of the education industry in the economy. The conclusion is that in the district of Lou in the early 19th century, both from the number of employed persons in the education sector, the amount of social investment in education, and their share of the total social employment population and gross domestic product (GDP) , Or from the impact of education on economic growth point of view, education has become an important industry. Therefore, in this sense, we can say that if we make a new definition of education in China in the Ming and Qing Dynasties and proceed from this point of view, then the popular view may not have been established.