远缘杂交是果树育种的主要方法,利用这个方法可以将不同种的个别有价值的基因结合成为同一种基因类型,并将在进化中被分离的基因组综合在一起。梨、杏、苹果、樱桃、李子的许多品种都是种间杂种。远缘杂交在果树进化上,不论过去和现在都起重要作用。有些品种,如苹果和欧洲李,都是种间杂种。为解决各种不同的育种问题,U.B.米丘林等首先广泛地应用了远缘杂交。从那时起, Distant hybridization is the main method of fruit tree breeding. With this method, it is possible to combine different individual valuable genes into the same genotype and synthesize the genomes that are separated during evolution. Many varieties of pears, apricots, apples, cherries and plums are interspecific hybrids. Distant hybridization has played an important role in the evolution of fruit trees, both past and present. Some varieties, such as apples and European plums, are interspecific hybrids. In order to solve a variety of breeding problems, U.B. Michurin and other widely used the first widely distant hybridization. Since then,