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目的了解乐山市流感流行型别的变化,为流感防控提供科学依据。方法通过全国流感监测网络,收集2010年4月-2016年4月乐山市流感或流感样病例资料进行分析。采集流感样病例咽拭子,标本用PCR法检测流感病毒核酸,以鉴定型别。结果 2010年4月-2016年4月乐山市流感样病例就诊百分比分别为2.72%、2.58%、1.80%、1.07%、0.75%、0.82%和1.46%。按月统计高峰分别出现在11月、2月、3月、1月和全年无明显高峰;2010年4月-2016年4月共检测流感样病例咽拭子2 181份,流感病毒核酸阳性405份,阳性率为15.47%。2010年4月-2014年4月检出以新甲型H1N1为主;2014年4月-2015年4月流行型转为H3亚型流感,2015年4月-2016年4月则呈现H3亚型和B型流感同时流行。结论 2010年4月-2016年4月,乐山市先后发生了新甲型H1N1、H3亚型流感和B型流感的交替流行。
Objective To understand the changes of influenza epidemic patterns in Leshan City and provide a scientific basis for prevention and control of influenza. Methods Through the National Influenza Surveillance Network, the data of influenza or influenza in Leshan from April 2010 to April 2016 were collected and analyzed. Throat swabs were collected from influenza-like cases, and samples were tested for influenza virus nucleic acid by PCR to identify the type. Results The percentages of influenza-like cases in Leshan from April 2010 to April 2016 were 2.72%, 2.58%, 1.80%, 1.07%, 0.75%, 0.82% and 1.46% respectively. The monthly statistical peak appeared in November, February, March, January and the whole year without obvious peak; from April 2010 to April 2016, a total of 2 181 throat swabs of influenza-like illness were detected, and the positive of influenza virus nucleic acid 405 copies, the positive rate was 15.47%. April 2010 - April 2014 detected mainly to the new type A H1N1; April 2014 - April 2015 to H3 subtype influenza epidemic, April 2015 April 2016 showed H3 Both type B and type B flu are prevalent. Conclusion From April 2010 to April 2016, there was an epidemic of new influenza A (H1N1), subtype H3 (H3) and type B influenza in Leshan.