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基于车辆/轨道耦合动力学原理,建立了横风作用下的车辆/轨道耦合动力学模型。模型中,车辆系统采用两系悬挂共35个自由度的多刚体动力学模型。轨道系统采用3层连续弹性离散点支承模型。用赫兹接触理论计算轮轨法向力,用沈氏理论计算轮轨滚动接触蠕滑力,并用显式积分法求解系统运动方程。横风由作用在车体中心的气动升力、侧力和倾覆力矩来模拟。通过数值计算,得到了横风作用下高速客车直线运行的系统动态响应,分析了不同横风作用时间对运行安全性的影响。结果显示,随着横风作用时间的增长,车辆脱轨系数、轮重减载率乃至倾覆系数迅速增大,车辆运行安全性不断降低。
Based on the principle of vehicle / track coupling dynamics, a vehicle / track coupling dynamics model under crosswind is established. In the model, the vehicle system uses a multi-body dynamics model with 35 degrees of freedom suspended by two systems. The track system uses 3-layer continuous elastic discrete point support model. Hertzian contact theory is used to calculate the wheel-rail normal force, and the wheel-rolling contact creep force is calculated by the theory of Shen’s and the explicit integral method is used to solve the system equations of motion. Crosswind is simulated by aerodynamic lift, lateral force and overturning moment acting on the center of the body. By numerical calculation, the dynamic response of straight-running high-speed passenger car under straight-line operation was obtained, and the influence of different crosswinds on operating safety was analyzed. The results show that with the increase of crosswind time, the derailment coefficient, wheel load deloading rate and even overturn coefficient increase rapidly, and the running safety of vehicles decreases.