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新公司法的制度设计围绕着公司的设立运作、股东的权益、董事的资格展开。由于公司的资金来源于股东的出资,为了维护股东的权益,公司法就规定了各种条款来保障股东利益,包括对董事、高级管理人员的任职资格和义务的规定。不可否认,公司的治理是为了公司可持续发展,从而可以贯彻股东中心主义,为股东谋取更大的利益。但在强调股东权益的同时,在注重股东的资金聚集的同时,我们也不应忘了股东应尽的义务。新公司法在增加不少亮点时,也在第20条明确了股东的义务和责任,无论是有限责任公司还是无限责任公司,股东都应该尽这样的消极义务,这比以前的公司法前进了一步。在新公司法的规定的基础上,本文希望能够从这些先前研究中得到启发,而更好的研究股东义务制度。
The system design of the new company law revolves around the establishment and operation of the company, the rights and interests of the shareholders and the qualifications of the directors. Since the company’s capital comes from the contribution of shareholders, in order to safeguard the rights and interests of shareholders, the Company Law provides various provisions to protect the interests of shareholders, including the qualifications and obligations of directors and senior management. It is undeniable that the company’s governance is for the sustainable development of the company so that it can implement shareholder-centeredism and seek greater benefits for its shareholders. However, while emphasizing the shareholders’ rights and interests, we should also not forget the shareholders’ obligation to pay attention to the accumulation of shareholders’ funds. When the new company law adds many bright spots, it also clarifies the shareholders’ obligations and responsibilities in Article 20, whether it is a limited liability company or an unlimited liability company. Shareholders should do such a negative obligation, which is more than the previous company law step. Based on the provisions of the new company law, this article hopes to be inspired from these previous studies and to better study the system of shareholder obligations.