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目的研究液体与冻干狂犬病疫苗的临床反应和免疫原性。方法对300例暴露于狂犬病的病人进行常规5针注射,其中100例使用国产Vero细胞液体狂犬病疫苗,100例用国产Vero细胞冻干狂犬病疫苗,100例用进口Vero细胞冻干狂犬病疫苗,观察每针注射后的局部反应和全身反应;在免疫后14d和42d(全程注射后14d)用间接免疫荧光法检测抗体水平。结果国产液体疫苗、国产冻干疫苗和进口冻干疫苗局部反应发生率分别是28.6%、3.6%、3.2%。全身反应发生率分别是4.4%、1.2%、0.8%。免疫14d后国产液体疫苗、国产冻干疫苗、进口冻干疫苗的抗体阳转率分别是82%、96%,98%。免疫42d后抗体阳转率分别93.68%、98.98%、98.99%。结论冻干狂犬病疫苗的临床反应和免疫原性优于液体狂犬病疫苗。
Objective To study the clinical response and immunogenicity of liquid and lyophilized rabies vaccine. Methods A total of 300 rabbits exposed to rabies were randomly divided into 5 groups: 100 rabies vaccines with domestic Vero cells, 100 rabies vaccine with Vero cells, and 100 rabies vaccine with Vero cells. After injection, the local reaction and systemic reaction were detected. The antibody levels were detected by indirect immunofluorescence at 14d and 42d after immunization (14d after injection). Results The incidences of local reactions of domestic liquid vaccine, domestic freeze-dried vaccine and imported freeze-dried vaccine were 28.6%, 3.6% and 3.2% respectively. The incidence of systemic reactions were 4.4%, 1.2%, 0.8%. After 14 days of immunization, the positive rates of domestic liquid vaccine, domestic freeze-dried vaccine and imported freeze-dried vaccine were 82%, 96% and 98% respectively. After 42 days of immunization, the antibody positive rates were 93.68%, 98.98% and 98.99% respectively. Conclusion The clinical response and immunogenicity of lyophilized rabies vaccine are better than that of liquid rabies vaccine.