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应用地理信息系统 (GIS)结合土壤养分状况系统研究法探讨了一定农业生产条件下棉田土壤养分空间变异及其在推荐施肥中的应用。结果表明 ,棉田土壤养分的空间变异与前茬作物的种植利用方式有很大关系。网格取样技术和变量施肥技术是提高肥料有效性的有希望的手段 ,这些技术能使肥料以合适的用量施到需要的地方。平衡施肥示范结果显示根据土壤养分状况提出的推荐施肥 ,比当地常规施肥每公顷降低肥料成本 657.4元 ,籽棉产量从每公顷 4350kg增加到 52 1 2 .5kg,增产 1 9.8% ,增产所增加的收入每公顷 4657.5元 ,净增收益 531 4.9元。
The spatial variability of soil nutrients and its application in the recommended fertilization of cotton fields under certain agricultural production conditions were discussed by using GIS and soil nutrient status system research method. The results showed that the spatial variability of soil nutrients in cotton field was closely related to the cropping and utilization patterns of the previous crop. Grid sampling techniques and variable fertilization techniques are promising tools to increase the effectiveness of fertilizers, which enable fertilizers to be applied in the right quantities where needed. The results of the balanced fertilization demonstration showed that the recommended fertilization according to the soil nutrient status reduced the fertilizer cost by 657.4 yuan per hectare compared with the conventional local fertilization and the seed cotton yield increased from 4350kg per hectare to 521.25kg with an increase of 9.8% 4657.5 yuan per hectare, a net gain of 531.9 yuan.