目的　了解南宁市 5岁以下儿童细菌性脑膜炎的病原学特点和致病菌的药物敏感性情况。　方法　 2 0 0 0年 11月至 2 0 0 2年 12月 ,在南宁市 (含邕宁、武鸣县 )所在乡镇卫生院以上的医疗机构进行监测 ,对发现疑似脑膜炎患儿采集脑脊液和血液进行细菌培养和采用Kirby Bauer纸片扩散法对病原菌进行药物敏感试验。　结果　共检测采自 12 72例病例的 12 12份脑脊液标本和 1193份血标本。分离出 63株致病菌 ,其中从脑脊液标本中检出 2 3株 ,从血液中检出 40株。脑脊液和血液培养检出最多的病原菌基本上一致 ,葡萄球菌最多 ,其次是肺炎双球菌、流感嗜血杆菌、肠杆菌科细菌。葡萄球菌对万古霉素、庆大霉素、苯唑西林及环丙沙星敏感率均在 80 %以上 ,而对青霉素和红霉素耐药率很高。沙门菌、大肠杆菌、阴沟肠杆菌等肠杆菌科细菌对环丙沙星、头孢菌素的敏感性较高。　结论　细菌性感染是南宁市婴幼儿脑膜炎致病因素之一。抗菌药物的选择使用应根据细菌药敏结果 ,以提高疗效 ,防止耐药性发生 Objective To understand the etiological characteristics of bacterial meningitis in children under 5 years old in Nanning and the drug sensitivity of pathogens. Methods From November 2000 to December 2002, medical institutions above the township hospitals where Nanning (including Yongning and Wuming County) were located were monitored. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) was collected from children with suspected meningitis Blood cultures were performed on bacteria and drug susceptibility testing of pathogens was performed using the Kirby Bauer disk diffusion method. Results A total of 12 12 CSF samples and 1193 blood samples were collected from 12 72 cases. Sixty-three pathogenic bacteria were isolated, of which 23 were detected from cerebrospinal fluid samples and 40 from blood samples. Cerebrospinal fluid and blood culture detected most of the pathogens are basically the same, the largest number of staphylococci, followed by pneumococcus, Haemophilus influenzae, Enterobacteriaceae bacteria. Staphylococcus aureus to vancomycin, gentamicin, oxacillin and ciprofloxacin sensitive rate of more than 80%, while the high rate of resistance to penicillin and erythromycin. Salmonella, Escherichia coli, Enterobacter cloacae and other enterobacteriaceae bacteria ciprofloxacin, cephalosporins sensitive. Conclusions Bacterial infection is one of the causative factors of infant meningitis in Nanning. The choice of antimicrobial drugs should be based on the results of bacterial susceptibility to improve efficacy and prevent the occurrence of drug resistance