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目的探讨新生儿医院感染特点,为其感染的预防提供科学依据。方法对入住新生儿重症监护病房(NICU)>48h的患儿开展医院感染的目标性监测,同时采取插管相关感染的一系列综合(Bundle)预防控制措施,对监测结果及插管相关性感染进行分析。结果在监测的498例重症新生儿7629个住院日中,医院感染发病率为10.90%,患儿日感染率为7.08‰;血管插管和呼吸机使用率分别为23.69%和18.06%,未发生血管插管相关性感染,但呼吸机相关性肺炎的患儿日发生率为2.9‰;感染率与出生体重密切相关;常见感染部位为下呼吸道、胃肠道,常见病原菌为肺炎克雷伯菌、表皮葡萄球菌和屎肠球菌。结论新生儿医院感染与患儿出生体重密切相关,采取控制措施可有效预防。
Objective To investigate the characteristics of nosocomial infection in neonates and provide a scientific basis for the prevention of infection. Methods The targeted surveillance of nosocomial infections in NICU patients> 48h was carried out, and a series of comprehensive prevention and control measures of intubation-related infections were taken. The monitoring results and intubation-related infections Analyze. Results The incidence of nosocomial infection was 10.90% in 7 769 inpatient days of 498 severe neonates monitored. The daily prevalence rate was 7.08 ‰. The rates of vascular intubation and ventilator use were 23.69% and 18.06% respectively, which did not occur Vascular infection, but the incidence of ventilator-associated pneumonia in children was 2.9 ‰; infection rate and birth weight are closely related; common infection sites for the lower respiratory tract, gastrointestinal tract, the common pathogen Klebsiella pneumoniae Staphylococcus epidermidis and Enterococcus faecium. Conclusion Neonatal nosocomial infection is closely related to the birth weight of children, and the control measures can be effectively prevented.