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目的:探讨影响广州市肺结核发病的危险因素,为肺结核的防控提供参考依据。方法:采用1:4配比病例对照研究,以2010年1月-2011年1月广州市番禺区以社区为基础的结核病全人群调查新发现的109例肺结核患者作为病例组,每个病例选取4名同性别、同年龄组、同村的非结核患者为对照组进行病例对照研究,采用单因素和多因素条件Logistic回归分析。结果:单因素分析结果表明:婚姻(χ2=13.271,P=0.000),文化程度(χ2=4.539,P=0.033),职业(χ2=5.686,P=0.017),年人均收入(χ2=43.873,P=0.000),户籍(χ2=11.292,P=0.000)和吸烟史(χ2=14.694,P=0.000)与肺结核发病有显著相关性。多因素分析进入模型有统计学意义(P≤0.05)的变量有婚姻(OR=3.512),户籍(OR=1.894),吸烟史(OR=2.094)和年人均收入(OR=0.319)。结论:单身、流动人口、吸烟史是肺结核发病的危险因素,高收入是肺结核的保护因素。在结核病防控工作中,采取有针对性的措施才能有效控制肺结核疫情。
Objective: To explore the risk factors affecting the incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis in Guangzhou and provide a reference for prevention and control of pulmonary tuberculosis. Methods: A case-control study was conducted on 109 cases of pulmonary tuberculosis newly discovered by a community-based TB survey in Panyu District, Guangzhou from January 2010 to January 2011. The cases were selected for each case Four non-tuberculosis patients of the same sex, same age group and same village as the control group were studied by case-control study. Logistic regression analysis was conducted by single factor and multivariate conditional logistic regression. Results: The results of univariate analysis showed that the average annual income (χ2 = 43.873, P <0.05) was significantly higher in marriage (χ2 = 13.271, P = 0.000) P = 0.000). There was a significant correlation between household registration (χ2 = 11.292, P = 0.000) and smoking history (χ2 = 14.694, P = 0.000) Multivariate analysis showed that the variables that entered the model with statistical significance (P≤0.05) were marital (OR = 3.512), household registration (OR = 1.894), smoking history (OR = 2.094) and annual per capita income (OR = 0.319). Conclusion: Single, floating population and smoking history are the risk factors of tuberculosis. High income is the protective factor of tuberculosis. In the tuberculosis prevention and control work, we can take effective measures to control the outbreak of tuberculosis.